Growth hormone axis
Ipamorelin
A selective growth hormone secretagogue discontinued after its trials missed their endpoints — now sold for physique and recovery claims no trial ever tested.
Also known as: ghrelin receptor agonist, GHRP
Evidence passport
Last reviewed 2026-08-23
- Evidence level
- L2Preclinical
- Confidence
- Very low confidence
- Human efficacy
- 22/100
- Human safety
- 25/100
- Regulatory status
- Experimental / research
- Development
- Discontinued — efficacy
- Routes
- SC injection
- Evidence base
- Mostly preclinical
- Furthest stage
- Not established
- Source curation
- Source curation pending
- Clinical maturity
- Discontinued clinical development
Most of this evidence comes from animals and cells
Overview
Clinical maturity: Discontinued clinical development
Routes & formulations
Studied / approved routes
Clinical trials used subcutaneous injection. No approved formulation exists; route-specific outcomes beyond hormonal effects were never established.
Route availability is not evidence of efficacy, and evidence from one route does not transfer to another. The Registry never provides dosing or sourcing information.
Peptide lifecycle
Discovery
Preclinical
Phase I
Phase II
Phase III
Approved
Clinical development was discontinued after trials in postoperative ileus did not meet their endpoints. The exact stage reached is not established in our curated record.
Why development stopped: Did not meet endpoints. Trials failed to show the benefit they were designed to detect.
Last documented development: 2009 — second phase 2 trial in postoperative ileus completed; results published in 2014 showed no benefit over placebo, and no further development is identified in the curated record.
What it is
A synthetic pentapeptide that mimics ghrelin at the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, selected for releasing GH with relatively little effect on cortisol or prolactin.
What people claim
- Lean muscle gain
- Fat loss
- Better sleep and recovery
- Gentle, side-effect-free GH boost
What the evidence actually says
It reliably raises growth hormone, and its selectivity profile is genuinely better than older secretagogues. But the clinical programme that would have proven benefit was abandoned after failing its endpoints in a different indication, and no trials support the physique and recovery claims made online.
Human evidence
- Clinical trials in postoperative ileus that did not meet primary endpoints; development discontinued.
- No controlled trials supporting muscle, fat-loss or recovery claims.
Preclinical evidence
- Animal studies characterising selective GH release with limited cortisol and prolactin elevation.
Animal and cell findings are Level 1–2 evidence.
Mechanism and pathways
- GHS-R1a agonism triggers pituitary GH release, complementary to GHRH signalling.
- Relatively selective compared with earlier GHRPs.
Safety and unknowns
- Ghrelin-receptor agonism can increase appetite — often the opposite of what buyers expect.
- Injection-site reactions, headache and water retention reported.
- No long-term human safety data for the way it is actually used.
Cancer relevance
Theoretical / mechanistic concern only
Regulatory status
Not approved. Clinical development was discontinued after trials in postoperative ileus did not meet endpoints. Prohibited in sport.
Evidence grade
Animal, organoid or tissue studies. Mice are not tiny humans.
What would change our rating?
- Controlled trials with body-composition or functional endpoints.
- Modern safety data for chronic administration.
References and sources
- To be curatedSources to be curated
Source hierarchy: regulatory documents and trial registries first, peer-reviewed work next, sponsor material flagged as non-independent. We never use supplier or clinic marketing as evidence, and where a verified source has not yet been curated we say so rather than inventing one.
Evidence change history
2026-06-20
Baseline entry: discontinued clinical development recorded in the profile.
L2PreclinicalBaseline entryTrials in postoperative ileus did not meet endpoints and development stopped. Physique claims have never been trialled.