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GLP-1s & incretins

Retatrutide

An investigational GIP/GLP-1/glucagon triple agonist in an advanced Phase 3 metabolic programme.

L4Strong humanInvestigationalIn clinical developmentHigh confidenceLast reviewed 2026-08-23
SC injection

Also known as: LY3437943, triple agonist

Evidence passport

Last reviewed 2026-08-23

Evidence level
L4Strong human
Confidence
High confidence
Human efficacy
74/100
Human safety
45/100
Regulatory status
Investigational
Development
In clinical development
Routes
SC injection
Evidence base
Includes human data
Furthest stage
Phase III
Source curation
Sources fully curated
Clinical maturity
Advanced Phase 3 investigational programme

Overview

Human evidence74/100
Preclinical evidence82/100
Human safety evidence45/100

Clinical maturity: Advanced Phase 3 investigational programme

Routes & formulations

Studied / approved routes

SC injection

Clinical trials use once-weekly subcutaneous injection. Material sold online as 'retatrutide' is unapproved, unstudied in humans as sold, and outside any regulated supply chain.

Route availability is not evidence of efficacy, and evidence from one route does not transfer to another. The Registry never provides dosing or sourcing information.

Peptide lifecycle

  1. Discovery

  2. Preclinical

  3. Phase I

  4. Phase II

  5. Phase III

    Furthest established stage

  6. Approved

In clinical development

Active Phase 3 (TRIUMPH) programme as of mid-2026, including TRIUMPH-5 and the TRIUMPH-Outcomes cardiovascular trial. Not yet approved in any region.

Last documented development: 2026 — Phase 3 TRIUMPH programme ongoing

What it is

A single peptide engineered to hit three metabolic receptors, adding glucagon-receptor agonism (which raises energy expenditure) to the incretin pair.

What people claim

  • The largest weight loss yet seen in an incretin-class trial programme
  • Improvements in liver fat
  • Better body composition outcomes

What the evidence actually says

Published mid-stage human trials showed large average weight reduction, and the Phase 3 programme is advanced. Efficacy confidence for weight loss is high; long-term safety confidence is not, simply because the long-term data do not exist yet. Approved status and durable safety are different questions from 'does it work in a trial'.

Human evidence

  • Randomised Phase 2 trials reporting substantial dose-dependent weight reduction.
  • Advanced Phase 3 programme in obesity and related metabolic disease.

Preclinical evidence

  • Rodent models of triple agonism showing increased energy expenditure alongside reduced intake.

Animal and cell findings are Level 1–2 evidence.

Mechanism and pathways

  • Incretin agonism reduces appetite and improves glycaemic handling.
  • Glucagon receptor agonism increases energy expenditure and hepatic fat mobilisation — the piece that distinguishes it from dual agonists.

Safety and unknowns

  • Gastrointestinal effects consistent with the class, dose-related.
  • Heart-rate increases and glucagon-related metabolic effects require monitoring in trials.
  • Long-term safety is genuinely unknown; that is the honest answer.

Cancer relevance

Monitored in trials; not demonstrated in humans

No demonstrated human cancer signal. Class-level precautionary considerations from incretin pharmacology apply and remain under trial surveillance.

Regulatory status

Not approved in any region. In advanced Phase 3 development (the TRIUMPH programme) for obesity and related metabolic conditions. Anything sold to the public as 'retatrutide' today is outside approved medical supply.

  • Baseline · Global

    Investigational only; advanced Phase 3 programme in obesity and metabolic disease.

Key study types

  • L4Strong humanPhase 2 dose-ranging obesity trial

    Randomised, placebo-controlled, dose-rangingAdults with obesity

    Dose-dependent weight reduction of a magnitude not previously seen in the class.

Evidence grade

L4Strong humanHigh confidence

Solid controlled human trials, though not yet definitive or fully replicated.

What would change our rating?

  • Completed Phase 3 readouts with full safety datasets.
  • A regulatory approval decision in a major region.

References and sources

Sources fully curated

Source hierarchy: regulatory documents and trial registries first, peer-reviewed work next, sponsor material flagged as non-independent. We never use supplier or clinic marketing as evidence, and where a verified source has not yet been curated we say so rather than inventing one.

Evidence change history

  1. 2026-07-02

    Baseline entry: efficacy confidence for weight loss set high; safety confidence held low pending Phase 3 completion.

    L4Strong humanRating movedBaseline entry
    Randomised human trial data support large weight reduction. Long-term safety and a regulatory decision are still outstanding, so the two axes are rated separately.

Related claims we’ve checked

Partly supportedL4Strong humanGLP-1s

Retatrutide produces more weight loss than currently approved GLP-1 medicines.

Partly supported — the trial numbers are striking, but it isn't approved and long-term data are pending.

  • Randomised mid-stage human trials reported large dose-dependent weight reduction.
  • Cross-trial comparisons are not head-to-head evidence; populations and protocols differ.
  • Efficacy confidence is high; long-term safety confidence is not, because those data don't exist yet.
Last reviewed 2026-07-02Compound profile